Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-02-16 Origin: Site
Activated carbon is a specially treated carbon in which organic raw materials are heated in isolation to reduce the non-carbon components and then react with gases to erode the surface and produce a microporous developed structure. Since the activation process is a microscopic one, i.e. a large number of molecular carbons surface erosion is punctuated, resulting in an activated carbon surface with numerous tiny pores. Most of the micro-pores on the surface of activated carbon are between 2 and 50nm in diameter. Even a small amount of activated carbon has a huge surface area of 500-1500m2 per gram of activated carbon, and almost all applications of activated carbon are based on this feature of activated carbon. Let us find out what specific physical and chemical properties activated carbon has.
Here is the content list：
l Pore structure
l Surface chemistry properties
l Adsorption mechanism
Activated carbon is made up of graphite microcrystals, a single plane of reticulated carbon and amorphous carbon, of which graphite microcrystals form the bulk of the activated carbon. The microcrystalline structure of activated carbon is different from that of graphite, as its layer spacing is between 0.34 and 0.35 nm, with large gaps. This microcrystalline structure is called non-graphite microcrystalline, and the vast majority of activated carbon belongs to the non-graphite structure. The graphite-like structure has a more regular arrangement of microcrystals, which can be converted into graphite after treatment. The non-graphitic microcrystalline structure gives activated carbon a well-developed pore structure, which can be characterized by the pore size distribution. The pore size distribution of activated carbon ranges from less than 1 nm to several thousand nm.
Activated carbon has an internal crystal structure and a pore structure, and the surface of the activated carbon also has a certain chemical structure. The adsorption performance of activated carbon depends not only on the physical structure of the activated carbon but also on the chemical structure of the activated carbon surface. During the preparation of activated carbon, the chemical bonds at the edges of the aromatic sheets formed during the charring stage break to form edge carbon atoms with unpaired electrons. These edge carbon atoms have unsaturated chemical bonds and can react with heterocyclic atoms such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur to form different surface groups, Its existence certainly influences the performance of the activated carbon adsorption.
Activated carbon adsorption refers to the adsorption of one or more substances in water by using the solid surface of activated carbon for water purification. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon is related to the pore size and structure of the activated carbon. Generally speaking, the smaller the particles and the faster the pore diffusion rate, the stronger the adsorption capacity of activated carbon.
Adsorption capacity and adsorption rate are the main indicators of the adsorption process. The size of the adsorption capacity is measured by the amount of adsorption, and the adsorption rate is the amount adsorbed per unit weight of adsorbent per unit of time. In water treatment, the adsorption rate determines the contact time between the adsorbent and sewage.
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